Category: Networking -Others

Cloud Computing

Cloud Computing Atech Waqas Karim (4)

Cloud Computing is an approach to offer IT Services to customers remotely is called Cloud Computing. It is the practice of using IT & Network which are physically hosted in a remote location (mostly on the Internet) to store, manage and process data, rather than a local server or a personal computer. It is the delivery of hosted services over the internet. Simply, it is the technology of distributed data processing in which some scalable information resources and capacities are provided as a service to multiple external customers through Internet technology. Cloud computing is generally referred to the delivery of Read More …

Network Topology Types

Network Topology Types Atech Waqas Karim (0.0)_

“The layout pattern & connectivity scheme between the devices in a network is called network topology”. It is a virtual shape or structure of the network. Devices on the network are called as nodes. The most common nodes are computers and peripheral devices. Network topology is a virtual illustration of these nodes and their connections using physical cabling. There are a number of different types of network topologies which are broadly divided into two types: Physical Network Topology: Actual Connectivity/Layout as per real cabling & connections Logical Network Topology: Virtual view of the network that member devices see Physical Network Read More …

Principles of Bit Errors – I

Errors occurring to data during the transmission process are called Bit Errors (BER). It is a key parameter that is used in assessing systems that transmit digital data from one location to another. Specifically, it is the error of a single number between receiving and sending data signals. BER is critical for radio data links, Optical data systems (fiber), Ethernet. The basis of BER are same in all of these systems even though there are some differences in functioning of these systems, how they work and the way in which Bit Error rate is affected. . A good knowledge of the BER also enables Read More …

BGP Local Preference (LOCAL_PREF)

BGP LOCAL_PREF is the Second BGP attribute if we dive deep into BGP’s algorithm of best path selection followed by aggregate (detailed in my first post in BGP section).  When an AS (autonomous system) has multiple routes to another AS, the LOCAL_PREF indicates the degree of preference for one route over the other routes. The route with the highest LOCAL_PREF value is preferred. You can watch the detailed video on LOCAL_PREF on our : LOCAL_PREF, Weight & MED are often confused with each other. LOCAL_PREF is different from Weight & MED. Unlike weight, LOCAL_PREF is not vendor specific (Weight is Cisco Read More …

BGP Weight

BGP Weight is the first BGP attribute if we dive deep into BGP’s algorithm of best path selection followed by Local_Preference & aggregate (detailed in my first post in BGP section). Weight is vendor specific (Cisco proprietary) so it is found only on Cisco routers. Weight is always local on a router and it is not exchanged between BGP routers. The path with the highest weight is always preferred. The range of Weight is 0-65535 and it defaults to 0 always. i.e. The default weight for learned routes is 0 and the default weight for a locally originated route is 32768. We Read More …