Category: CCNA Routing & Switching

01. Physical Layer of OSI Model (Layer1)

OSI Model - Physical Layer, ATech, Waqas Karim

The 7x Layer model starts from Physical till Application Layer. OSI Model divides the network communication processes into seven layers in order to simplify it. Each layer performs specific functions to support the layers above it. Physical Layer is the first & lowest layer in the 7Layer OSI Model. It is responsible for ultimate transmission of data between sender & receiver. The physical layer defines the means of transmitting raw bits over the transmission media.  It also defines how the data is carried over the Physical media rather than logical data packets over a physical data link connecting network nodes. The Read More …

RIPv2 Cheat Sheet – Part1

RIPv2 Cheat Sheet - Part1

      RIP (Routing Information Protocol) Version 1 & Version 2 Cheat Sheet – Best of CCNA, CCNP, CCIE, Huawei HCNA/E, Juniper JNCIA/P, Nokia NRS1/2,…. Download all Cheatsheets: https://aurumme.com/atech/atech-summary-cheatsheets-ccna/ All Online Quiz: https://aurumme.com/atech/free-online-quiz-interview-questions-atech/ Join our Facebook Group & Page to stay updated with content: https://www.facebook.com/ATechIT1/, https://www.facebook.com/groups/ATechIT/ Stay updated with our YouTube Channel for relevant video: https://www.youtube.com/atechit/  

Computer Networks

A network is a system which includes two or more entities e.g. Computers, Servers, Clients, Switches, Hubs, Routers and Peripherals etc., which allows sharing of resources (like Printers, CD’s and FAX) and information. A network also allows electronic communication between its connected devices. These devices can be connected by means of guided media (which includes all wired connections) or by some unguided media (which includes all wireless connections). A Computer Network is a network which consists of more than one Computers or computing devices connected to each other (by means of some media) to share their resources or information. These devices Read More …

OSI Model

OSI Model (Open Systems Interconnection Model) is simply a reference tool, a standardised Reference Framework for conceptualising data communications between networks. OSI was the first conceptual model that characterized and standardized the communication functions of a Network system without regard to its underlying internal structure and technology. OSI is a Vendor Neutral Model. Before OSI Model, each vendor used to use its own network model to manufacture Network equipment. So, one vendor’s equipment & network was not compatible with another vendor’s equipment. Buyers were bound to buy only from one vendor. For example, if you were buying IBM Computers then Read More …

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OSPF Virtual Links

Virtual Link is a non-Physical connectivity or link. As we know OPSF must be connected with Backbone Area0 but sometime it becomes difficult due to some reasons. So there we required Virtual Links for logical connection to Backbone. Also known as logical link which uses in least cost path connectivity between routers or ABR or backbone/Non-backbone. A virtual link does not have ABR physical Connectivity to Backbone till to configure virtual link between non-backbone area and Backbone. In between two routers, a virtual link can be configured, that have an interface to a single common Transit/Non-backbone area but it can’t Read More …